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Ilovaisk

August 7, 2014 — September 2, 2014

August rubicon of war

In memory of the fallen defenders who gave their lives for the freedom of Ukraine

Go to the defenders' memory pages:

People live on earth as long as someone remembers them.
History lives as long as someone preserves it.

The battle of Ilovaisk is one of the most tragic and enigmatic periods of the Russia-Ukraine war. Even though probably Ilovaisk didn`t have strategic significance at first, battles broken out here became crucial for the establishment of the Ukrainian army which defends the borders to this day. Volunteer battalions played an essential role in this process. They could influence the development of the Ukrainian army and change the course of the war. Yet they died in a simulated “green corridor”.

This is a historical pattern, since agreements with Russia were never confirmed through actions…

The liberation of Ilovaisk was to have become decisive on the way to Donetsk. According to the plan, poorly armed  disorganized militants, who lacked motivation, opposed  Ukrainian fighters. However Ukrainian defenders faced enemy forces that had been preparing for occupation of Ukraine. Despite the fact that Ukrainian soldiers were motivated to keep their territories, the preparation of Russians was better.  They were blocking all possible paths of retreat and surrounded Ilovaisk eventually…

The Russian side has been denying the presence of its troops on the territory of Ukraine for a long time. The position of Moskov lied in militias taking part in the combat operations. These were local residents and volunteers having supported the self-proclaimed Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republic. Russian propaganda portrayed this as internal conflict. It's important to mention that specifically near Ilovaisk 17 Russian soldiers were taken prisoner by Ukrainian fighters for the first time during war in the East.

Ukraine has shown testimony of Russians which refuted Russian president`s claims. However, disinformation that was conducted by the aggressor country, had consequences on the formation of the global stance. We lacked proper media policy that could facilitate the weakening of Russia when the green corridor happened. Similar scenarios were unfolding on various fronts of military action: the Debaltseve encirclement, battles for Luhansk and Donetsk airports, Battles near Horlivka, Battles for Lyman…

Sources

Chronology of events in Ilovaisk remained hidden for a while. The majority of people who might have added to understanding of what had been happening,  died,  leaving  through the green corridor or earlier. Someone kept doing military matters, expressing their pain on the battlefield. On the other hand someone wasn't psychologically prepared to revisit memories.  Nevertheless there are journalists, writers, common fighters and their relatives who agreed to testify so that this chronology could be recreated at least approximately.

In fact, the article consists of military testimony of those who took part in the battles near Ilovaisk and later found themselves surrounded. Most of the information was collected thanks to Roman Zinenko`s book series “War that never happened. The chronology of the Ilovaisk tragedy”. Additional testimonies were taken from the recollections of families of the deceased, that are included into separate memory series for memorial platform Inheart.memorial

Events of the Ilovaisk military operation are a myriad of combat missions and people`s stories that are, unfortunately,  impossible to reproduce completely.

Pivotal events that started on August the 7th are mentioned in the article. Predominantly volunteers found themselves on the frontline back then. These were common people who sought to protect their motherland more than anything. They could have laid down arms but they knew what they were fighting for. Have they managed to secure something in the end? It's up to you to draw conclusions. But the smallest thing we can be part of today is an act of preserving memory about them and those events.

During the summer of 2014 Ukrainian troops achieved significant success in liberating occupied territories in the Donbas. And now we are coming closer to August, which became a turning point month .

The first days of fighting

Combat Departure, Mariinka.
August 8, 2014.
Photo: Maks Levin

Ilovaisk: the August Rubicon of the war...

The chronology that takes its origins since August the 7th 2014 for lots of people became the onset of the Ilovaisk military operation.

Ilovaisk

Stepano-Krynky

One of the first battles that became the point of no return happened near the village Stepano-Krynka, 10 km away from Ilovaisk. The group of Ukrainian soldiers advanced to the village having intelligence data that combatants set up a fortified area there. While artillery was firing on the enemies` position, main forces were gathering near the village Kuteynikovo, waiting for the tanks. Then the column advanced to Stepano-Krynky, defusing suspicious route parts.

They discovered an enemy patrol having observed the column in one of the forest belts. Combatants commenced firing immediately but Ukrainian soldiers returned fire swiftly. The column kept on moving further but it encountered enemy positions near Stepano-Krynka. The battle started. The enemy was able to adjust fire.

Ukrainian forces lost armored fighting vehicles of the reconnaissance forces, tanks and AFV almost ran out of the ammunition supply. Due to this fighters couldn't enter the village  and had to withdraw in order to avoid human losses. All battle groups withdrew to Kuteynikove. To some of them it was the first fighting experience, the beginning of the Ilovaisk operation and understanding that the war will last significantly longer.

8

august

On August 8th the intelligence group set off in the direction of the combat zone. They discovered  up to twenty bodies of the deceased in the forest belts. Unfortunately, it was almost impossible to identify them. They identify only one fighter because of the white plastic pendant cross. It was the only clue.

Fighters, who were at the checkpoint between Starobesheve and Novokaterynivka, received an order to redeploy the same day. They were assigned to create strongpoints around Ilovaisk in order to block the city. They utilized smoke shell artillery for a safer pathway to the new base. Combatants took advantage of the opportunity to claim that the Ukrainian army used toxic gas against civilians.

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On August 10th battle took place in the outskirts of the village Zelene. That happened because militants managed to get there. The car literally sped past and turned to the main street of the village where the battle broke out. Four Ukrainian soldiers died then. However, there was another car that failed to break through. Ukrainian soldiers detained two militants hoping to exchange them for Ukrainian prisoners.

Soldiers who fled from the first car probably reported about Ilovaisk and that the road on Khartsysk was blocked. Mortar bombardment has started and the enemy attempted to attack a newly set up checkpoint from the side of the sunflower field. Later the sunflower field would become a symbol of salvation and losses at the same time, but that was just an insignificant point on the map so far. During bombardment debris of hot steel fell down on the heads of Ukrainian soldiers. Eventually the attack was repelled and militants temporarily withdrew.

Fighters from other units were to enter Ilovaisk from the side of the village Mnohopillia and secure the city from the militants. Subsequently there was a battle of Azov and Shakhtarsk combined units on the south-eastern suburb of Ilovaisk. Battles were especially difficult since Ukrainian soldiers didn't have proper armored equipment, combat vehicles were breaking down, becoming targets in the middle of the field… So the storming didn`t happen.

Simultaneously battalion Donbas, which attempted to take control over Ilovaisk on 10th of August, kept acting on the passage between Kuteynikivo and Ilovaisk. Yet fighters set off without having defense… The group was revealed, covered with heavy fire and attacked with grenades. Fighters had to return back to the main convoy of the battalion on the way Kuteynikove-Ilovaisk.

Battle in the village Hrabske happened the same day, in the course of it several Ukrainian soldiers, unfortunately,  were taken prisoners. To take control over Hrabske was extremely important, since ammunition and food to the strongpoints around Ilovaisk were transported through it. Later Azov came for reinforcement.

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On 12th of August they made an attempt to regain control over the village but it was clear that the enemy had well organized defense on this front and further movement towards Hrabovske was impossible. Time  and in-depth analysis of the situation contributed to the village being partially taken over later.  However, usually, such military operations don`t go by without losses and that was not an exclusion.

Important: Ukrainian fighters were in Ilovaisk during this period, in particular, 93rd Separate Mechanized Brigade. They were there until the exit via the green corridor and directly participated in the local battles. Vast majority of this combined company seized and held the positions around Ilovaisk.

Active battles

On the way to Ilovaisk.
August 23, 2014.
Photo: Maks Levin

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On August 16th terrorist groups fired on the village Starobesheve with rocket artillery. They hit the territory around the camp of the 40th Territorial Defense Battalion. Unfortunately, as a consequence of this bombardment Ukrainian soldiers suffered losses again. The Ukrainian side didn't expect such actions and the enemy realized it. Those who survived were helping medics carry the deceased and give first aid to the wounded. Exactly at the location of the shelling, regardless of the recurrent risk of bombardment.

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On August 17th battalion Donbass made an attempt to go on Ilovaisk through Hrabske, which was partially under control of the Ukrainian soldiers. After completing the task of entering the village, the subunit needed to carry out a sector cleaning. Here, soldiers could witness for nearly the first time the devastating effects of war on animals. They could hear cattle bellowing dying of thirst… Surely they could find lots of dead combatants' bodies. These are contrasts of war.

On the night from 17th to 18th August Russian forces again delivered strikes on the camp territory. This time it was the 39th Separate Motorized Infantry Battalion. This shelling proved once again that the enemy was observing Ukrainian forces and adjusting fire at the exact place and time in a professional way.

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On August 18th Battalion “Donbass” entered Ilovaisk and occupied the building of the school №14. They organized a dining facility and a support station for local citizens. Ukrainian news reported happily that Ilovaisk was partially liberated and the Ukrainian flag is waving above the city. At that moment there were enough powers to hold only western part of the town. From the other side fighters of the battalion “Dnipro-1” moved to break through enemy fortifications and to establish a foothold in the city. But in times of war bad news always follows good news.

Defenders covered the distance in absolute silence. There were no sounds of explosions, no sense of death that was swirling around before… But they have been waited for. Out of sudden the silence was shattered with machine gun fire and explosions. The battle on the approaches of the fortified area has started. Death was there again. A lot of defenders got severe injuries. After the first attempt to enter Ilovaisk, there was nothing left to do but return to the Starobesheve hospital. At that time, the Ukrainian fighters witnessed the effects of severe concussion..

General education school of grades I-III No. 14 (Ilovaisk). Photo taken from Wikimapia

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Second attempt to advance on Ilovaisk was announced in the morning. To talk about the success of this offensive operation is not easy since the cost is too high. Volunteer battalions “Azov”, “Dnipro-1” and “Shakhtarsk” were indeed entrenched on the eastern suburb of Ilovaisk. Moreover, on 19th of August Ilovaisk railway depot was taken over. But the consequences are catastrophic.

During battles one third of the assault brigade “Donbass” was wounded or killed. If we were to find the darkest day of this period that would be the one.

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On August 20th fighters started to expand the sector of defense, They took over several buildings and some streets. However, the enemy was close, so any actions on the territory were noticed. Mortar shelling did not subside. Battalion commanders of Azov, Shakhtarsk and Dnipro-1 made a plan of advancing towards the center of the city. Azov started advancing with two groups but soon one of them came across the enemy. Our soldiers again suffered losses.

People, the most valuable resource, were lost. Recognizing this and considering the precarious situation, the command of 'Azov' and 'Shakhtarsk' decided to withdraw their personnel and leave Ilovaisk. At the same time, the fighters of 'Dnipro-1' needed to replenish their ammunition, otherwise, they would not have been able to resist. So they abandoned their position next.

On 20th of August the battle on the suburbs of the village Hrabske happened. Ukrainian soldiers tried to resist but the enemy military capabilities significantly outmatched, so they had to abandon positions. At the same time, from the direction of Ilovaisk, towards Hrabske, a minibus carrying fighters from the 'Donbas' battalion was moving. They did not know that these positions had just been lost... It was an evacuation of the wounded to the hospital in Starobesheve.

Armed people turned up on the road. Suddenly, without any warnings, they opened fire to kill a car with Donbass fighters.  There was gunfire at a car from a distance of approximately twenty-five meters. The car swerved to the roadside by inertia and stopped hitting the tree. Shekking didn`t stop even then. Wounded didn't get a chance to be saved. As it turned out later, that wasn`t the last time. After some time they managed to get reinforcement and through joint efforts Hrabske again was under control of Ukraine.

Parallel to these events a fight was ongoing on the suburbs of the village Zelene, which lasted for almost 13 hours. It continued even during evacuation of the wounded.

From that point on, keeping an accurate record of the deceased was impossible.

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On August 21, the fighters of "Dnipro-1" were informed about a new mission. No one planned to retreat, so they were to join the fighters of "Donbas" once again, who had managed to enter Ilovaisk and secure some positions in the city. A column was formed again, and the fighters set out for the third time from Starobesheve towards Ilovaisk. This time, the attempt was successful.

At that time, most of the shelling was directed at the school where the "Donbas" fighters were based. Concentrating all personnel there was risky. Therefore, some of the fighters took positions in one of the houses in the private sector. The enemy attacked the school with various types of weapons. The gym, located in the basement, served as a shelter and a place where the severely wounded were located. There were also elderly people, women, and children—civilians who were simply hiding. On that day, the Ukrainian fighters cleared several blocks and reached the "Lastivka" kindergarten, which became another base.

Oleksandr Glyadelov is being helped after being wounded.
August 22, 2014.
Photo author: Maksym Dondyuk

The photo shows girls at school in Ilovaisk, during the siege of the city.
August 2014.
Photo author: Maks Levin

Volunteer medic of the "Donbas" battalion Anna Ilyuschenkova, call sign "Murka", helps a civilian woman down the stairs at a school in Ilovaisk.
August 2014.
Photo author: Maks Levin

Soldiers and wounded in the gymnasium of school No. 14,
August 2014.
Photo author: Maksym Dondyuk

In the photo Andriy Shevchuk, call sign "Orest".
August 2014.
Photo author: Maks Levin

Soon, units from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, including "Dnipro-1," "Ivano-Frankivsk," "Svitiaz," and "Kherson," arrived in Ilovaisk. Later, the "Peacemaker" battalion also arrived. Although these were small forces, they represented hope for the Ukrainian military. The days were marked by regular enemy attacks. All this, combined with a lack of water and food, insufficient information about the movements of other units, and damaged equipment, led to a difficult psychological state for the fighters.

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On August 23, the day before Independence Day, there were "leaks" of information about a column of Russian equipment moving towards the settlements of Amvrosiivka and Kuteinikove. At that time, Ilovaisk was surrounded on four sides, but the route from Khartsyzk - Shyroke - Fedoriivka - Ilovaisk remained open.

At the same time, the "Dnipro-1" fighters were engaged in a full sweep of the western part of Ilovaisk with all available forces. However, after the successful clearing of the city's private sector, it became clear that there were not enough resources to maintain constant control over the entire area. Even though several units had arrived in Ilovaisk the day before.

The T-72B3 tank, a model that was only available in Russia at the time, was spotted in Ilovaisk in 2014. The appearance of this tank proved Russia's participation in the war

400

More than 400 fighters from volunteer units participated in the Ilovaisk operation.
Of them:

192

Special purpose battalion "Donbas"

52

Police Battalion "Myrotvorets"

up to

50

Police regiment "Dnipro-1"

30

"Svitiaz" police company

27

"Kherson" Police Company

27

"Ivano-Frankivsk" police company

4

Infantry fighting vehicles from the 17th tank brigade

6

Airborne soldiers from the consolidated company of the 93rd mechanized brigade

More than 400 fighters from volunteer units participated in the Ilovaisk operation. The "Donbas" battalion had 192 fighters, "Dnipro-1" had up to 50, "Kherson" had 27, the "Svitiaz" company had 30, "Ivano-Frankivsk" had 27, and "Peacemaker" had 52. There were also four infantry fighting vehicles from the 17th Tank Brigade and six airborne soldiers from the consolidated company of the 93rd Mechanized Brigade.

The approaches to the city were guarded by fighters from the 40th "Kryvbas" Battalion and the 39th Territorial Defense Battalion. Around Ilovaisk, soldiers from the 51st Mechanized Brigade and consolidated groups from various units were stationed. Fighters from the 73rd Special Operations Center and the 3rd Kirovograd Special Forces Regiment also participated in certain operations. It is important to note that these numbers are approximate.

Invasion of Russian troops

“Yar” assists the wounded man, Ilovaisk.
August 25, 2014.
Photo: Maks Levin

Invasion of Russian troops

On one of the heights near Ilovaisk, just before August 24, a reconnaissance group from the 73rd Naval Special Operations Center was conducting a survey. The fighters clearly saw columns moving towards Ilovaisk and knew they were Russian. This was confirmed by both radio intercepts of communications and the personal observations of experienced scouts.

Let’s return to School  №14—a key episode in the events in Ilovaisk crucial for understanding Russia's war crimes. On the night of August 24, one of the largest shellings was carried out against the school. Remember, this was the place where local residents were also sheltering, and where the severely wounded were located. Vehicles around the school were burning, and the fighters were trying to extinguish the fire that had broken out in the school building. The enemy was deliberately targeting this area.

On the night of August 23-24, a massive invasion of Russian troops occurred on Ukrainian territory.

Evening powerful shelling on the eve of Independence Day. Lights BC and equipment near the school.
August 23, 2014.
Photo: Maks Levin

In the courtyard of the school after a night shelling.
August 24, 2014.
Photo by Maks Levin

The photo shows a damaged school building and burned cars as a result of nighttime enemy shelling.
August 2014.
Photo: Markiyan Lyseiko

To mislead and further effectively encircle Ukrainian soldiers, almost all Russian military equipment had its tactical markings removed or concealed, which is prohibited under Article 37 of the Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions.

In a forested area along the Amvrosiivka-Kuteinikove route, a column of Russian military vehicles was observed, totaling over one hundred units. The column included infantry fighting vehicles, tanks, self-propelled artillery systems, and a large number of tarpaulin-covered KamAZ trucks moving deeper into Ukrainian territory.

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On August 24, the "Dnipro-1" battalion, which was based at the "Lastivka" kindergarten, received reinforcements in the form of food and water. This was the last convoy to reach the defenders. After lunch, the fighters were instructed to prepare for an assault. In the school, the commanders developed a plan for storming the fortified area and assigned tasks to each unit.

The volunteer battalions managed to capture a fortified area on the way to Ilovaisk. It seemed like a small victory, but at that moment, it significantly boosted the fighters' morale. They were not yet aware that the first tight encirclement had just sealed the entire force in Ilovaisk into a "cauldron." On Independence Day, the Russians occupied Novokaterynivka, Klenivka, Osykove, Leninske and Budivelnyk.

This meant that Kuteinikove and Ilovaisk were cut off from Starobesheve.

On that day, the Ukrainian defenders also achieved victories: Russian infantry fighting vehicles were destroyed, and 10 Russian soldiers were captured. However, there were also lesser-known tragic events related to the attack by occupying forces on the "Kryvbas" battalion fighters who were returning to their base camp near Starobesheve. Ukrainian soldiers were also taken prisoner at that time.

Depot in Ilovaisk.
August 24, 2014.
Photo: Heorhiy Tykhyi

Depot in Ilovaisk.
August 24, 2014.
Photo: Heorhiy Tykhyi

Early morning in Ilovaisk.
August 24, 2014.
Photo: Maks Levin

Journalists, together with battalion fighters in the basement of the school, are waiting for a mortar fire.
August 2014
Photo: Markiian Lyseiko

Ten kilometers from Ilovaisk, events likely marking the beginning of the encirclement of the entire force were unfolding. The 39th Territorial Defense Battalion was tasked with preventing the breakthrough of illegal armed groups at six checkpoints. It is difficult to establish the exact chronology of these events, but it is known that Russian forces captured the strongholds and base camps.

Therefore, there was no one left to carry out the task of preventing the militants' breakthrough.

Soon, the "Myrotvorets" battalion entered Ilovaisk with the goal of reaching the railway depot, which was located virtually on the line of demarcation. This outpost was crucial in holding back the enemy's advance into the area.

The evening of Independence Day was fatal for the mortar crews of the 51st Separate Mechanized Brigade, who were stationed near the stronghold in Mnohopillya. The enemy launched a powerful strike, resulting in a hit on a cargo truck carrying artillery ammunition. The death of the mortar crews occurred in front of the eyes of other soldiers. That night, there were many casualties at the stronghold.

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On August 25th, a large evacuation of the wounded and the deceased took place. Everyone was collected. No wounded or dead were left behind at the Ukrainian positions. A significant problem was that some bodies had to be loaded without identification due to understandable reasons. As soon as the evacuation column began to move, mortar fire started in Mnohopilya. This was neither the first nor the last instance of the enemy targeting the severely wounded. Each time, the consequences were different, but attacking those who cannot defend themselves is a violation of the rules of warfare.

Battalion commander

Storcheus
Ruslan Oleksandrovych

11
1

1979

25
VIII

2014

The driver of the battalion commander

Peshkov
Oleg Anatoliyovych

6
X

1971

25
VIII

2014

August 25 also became a "black" date for the "Kherson" fighters. Their commander, traveling with his driver towards the locomotive depot, fell into an enemy ambush. As a result of the attack, police lieutenant Ruslan Storcheus and his driver Oleg Peshkov were killed. Their bodies were riddled with bullets through the windshield. It was later determined that before the bodies could be evacuated, the attackers likely managed to remove the bodies from the vehicle, take their personal belongings and weapons, and then flee. It was a well-planned ambush.

That day, militants attacked from all directions in the city of Ilovaisk. Infantry assaults were interspersed with mortar shelling using shells of various calibers. The enemy set up ambushes in areas that the Ukrainian fighters considered cleared and controlled. There was also a large-scale attack on the "Lastivka" kindergarten, after which the fighters from "Dnipro-1," the "Svitiaz" company, and "Ivano-Frankivsk" were forced to abandon that position. The number of fighters increased at School  №14.

After one of the shellings, a decision was made to evacuate the severely wounded and deceased to Mnohopyllya. There were so many wounded that there wasn’t enough room in the transport for everyone. Some soldiers gave up their seats to save the most critically injured…

A notable event was the capture of two Russian paratroopers, later shown to the entire world: Ruslan Akhmetov and Arseniy Ilmitov.

Ruslan Akhmetov

Arseniy Ilmitov.

This was another piece of evidence of Russian military aggression against Ukraine. Initially, they claimed that they had come to Ukraine merely for “training.” Later, they practically admitted that they were aware they would have to engage directly in combat on Ukrainian territory. Clearly, no one receives actual heavy weaponry when going for training.

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However, unlike the Russian forces, the Ukrainian soldiers knew what they were fighting for. On August 26, the fighters stationed at the locomotive depot raised the Ukrainian flag atop the boiler pipe. Upon noticing it, the enemy immediately directed all their efforts to destroy it. Unfortunately, the flag was the least of what they wanted to destroy.

The morning of August 26 was ordinary: mortar shelling no longer surprised anyone. Shells landed within a radius of 100-150 meters from the school. Some soldiers were by the basement entrance, others by the school exit. Some cleaned their weapons by the entrance, while others rested lying under the windows of the gym. However, that day the shelling was different. Until the last moment, some soldiers were in the yard... At that time, the number of shells that landed in the schoolyard totaled at least four. For most of the soldiers in the yard, the war had ended. It was a stage of psychological breaking…

School yard No. 14.
August 26, 2014.
Photo: Max Levin

The school gym, where the battalion headquarters was based.
August 26, 2014.
Photo: Max Levin

Viktor is taken to the basement of the school.
August 26, 2014.
Photo: Markiian Lyseiko

Макс Левін, Гоша Тихий, Маркіян Лисейко та Іван Любиш-Кірдей. Перший поверх іловайської школи.
26 серпня 2014.
Фото: Юрій Міхальський “МІШКА”, “Донбас”

After the intense shelling of Ilovaisk, there arose a need to evacuate the wounded from Ilovaisk school to Mnohopyllya over the course of several days. Although the route between these settlements was relatively controlled, it was never entirely safe. Despite the risks, the convoy set out under the protection of a certain unit of the "Donbas" fighters.

After the vehicles with the wounded left the schoolyard, the shelling of the school continued. As soon as it stopped, reports began to come in that attacks had started on all positions held by battalions within the city. On the school’s floors, the fighters took up positions to repel the assault. Around the school, fortified positions were established and held by the "Donbas" fighters. During the attack on the school, they were the first to take the brunt of the enemy's assault.

When the enemy forces managed to overrun two of the four forward posts of the "Donbas" battalion, the threat of an assault emerged. The enemy drew closer to the school building through private courtyards... However, they received a strong counterattack, and by that moment, the advance was halted. The militants withdrew to a safe distance and continued shelling the school. Snipers were also active.

On August 26th, another column of Russian armored vehicles—sixteen units, including tanks—was spotted moving toward Ilovaisk and Ukrainian positions. It was noticed in time, so the mission to destroy the enemy equipment that had crossed the Ukrainian border was carried out successfully. By that point, there had been few actual combat encounters with the occupying armored vehicles.

16

The preparation of units for departure began on August 26th. However, the soldiers lacked knowledge about the clear routes out of the city, so a reconnaissance group was sent to determine them. Upon returning, they reported having encountered an ambush. It became clear that Ukrainian forces were surrounded by the Russians.

The time had come for the final goodbyes to loved ones…It was then that most relatives heard their husbands, partners, sons, brothers, and grandfathers for the last time.

On the same day, medics managed to evacuate the wounded from the school. This was the last properly conducted evacuation. Only hours remained until the occupiers gained full control of the area around the Ilovaisk group. Thoughts of a green corridor began to emerge, with the critical condition being the surrender of arms. Ukrainian forces, who had already witnessed the Russians violating the laws of warfare, did not believe in the possibility of a free exit from the encirclement…

On that day, preparations were underway in Kramatorsk to advance in support of the encircled troops. One of the units scheduled to move toward Ilovaisk was the 42nd Motorized Infantry Battalion. Additionally, the 1st Group of the 92nd Separate Mechanized Brigade was heading toward Starobesheve to offer assistance. Unfortunately, only a few managed to survive. The column from the 92nd Brigade, tasked with breaking the encirclement, was virtually annihilated. The 42nd Battalion also found itself in a dire situation. Disoriented and unable to navigate the terrain, they fell into a trap from which only a few managed to escape.

Retreat of the Ukrainian army

Mnogopilya, a column of Ukrainian soldiers is lining up to leave.
August 29, 2014.
Photo: Markiian Lyseiko

Support did not arrive, and the army was exhausted. In addition to the lack of weapons, they had no food or water. The number of wounded was increasing, and the only option to save them was to evacuate. It was a choice between two of the worst scenarios. On the afternoon of August 28, 2014, a temporary ceasefire was announced just before the exit through the "green corridor." The Russian side provided guarantees for the safe withdrawal of Ukrainian troops from the encirclement.

In the basement of the school, the wounded is assisted.
August 27, 2014.
Photo: Markiian Lyseiko

"Yar" renders aid to the wounded, basement of the school. In the background "Murka", a doctor.
August 27, 2014.
Photo: Maks Levin

The first to withdraw from Ilovaisk were the volunteer units, followed by the checkpoints that provided cover. This was how the organized withdrawal of Ukrainian forces was carried out. Additionally, negotiations with the Russians were taking place regarding the exchange of prisoners. It was agreed that the exchange would occur after the columns had passed, but at the last moment, the Russians issued an ultimatum—there would be no exchange.

All troops were required to leave their equipment and weapons behind and then exit on foot through the agreed-upon “corridor.”

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By the evening of August 28, there was a final attempt to send a vehicle with the wounded through at night, marked with Red Cross initials and white flags. However, the Russian forces did not allow the convoy to pass and opened fire on it.

29

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The withdrawal from Ilovaisk began on the morning of August 29. All units gathered near Mnohopyllya, gradually collecting soldiers and equipment from their positions. The exit was to proceed in two columns. The "Northern" column was to follow this route: Mnohopyllya – Ahronomichne – Novodvirske – Mykhailivka – Andriivka – Chumaky – Horbatenko – Novokaterynivka – Starobesheve. The route for the "Southern" column was: Mnohopyllya – Chervonosilske – Osikove – Pobieda – Novokaterynivka – Starobesheve. Upon meeting in Novokaterynivka, both columns were to continue toward Starobesheve.

2 columns

Let’s start with the “Northern” column. The first encirclement was indeed passed freely and without obstruction. However, upon reaching the second encirclement, the soldiers saw that the Russians had already begun “working” on the “Southern” column. It appeared that even cluster munitions were used, as evidenced by explosions in the air and streams of smoke reaching the ground. At that moment, the “Northern” column also came under fire. Realizing in time that the intensity of the fire would increase, the soldiers veered toward a sunflower field, where some military personnel would later find refuge. This route did not guarantee safety, and there were many skirmishes here later. Thus, the sunflower field became a symbol of both salvation and loss.

The second half of the “Southern” column was stretched out on the road between Mnohopyllya and Chervonosilske. It was then that they saw Russian troops opening fire with grenade launchers, mortars, and small arms. Later, tanks also joined the assault. The soldiers at the front of the “Southern” column had virtually no chance of survival.

Among them were vehicles carrying the wounded, but the enemy paid no attention to this. They fired upon both ambulances and vehicles marked with white flags.

Some vehicles began to tear apart and explode, while others simply stopped. Some managed to maneuver between burning cars and bodies of the fallen. People either died from direct hits to their vehicles or were caught in the flames while trying to escape.

Eventually, the "Southern" column broke into two parts. The soldiers who were further from the center of the shelling managed to withdraw towards the village of Chervonosilske, seeking refuge in local houses. Their fate was uncertain for nearly three days (most ended up in captivity). During this time, on the outskirts of the village, fighters from the "Donbas" battalion engaged in battle with Russian forces, capturing a few of them. From that moment on, the "Southern" column ceased to exist as a unified entity. One part remained "trapped" in Chervonosilske, while the other moved under fire towards Novokaterynivka, passing through the hamlets of Volodarske, Osykove, and Pobieda.

Mnohopillia , the Ukrainian military column is being built to exit.
August 29, 2014.
Photo: Markiian Lyseiko

93rd Brigade

The column from the 93rd Brigade, which managed to break through the heavy fire, finally entered the village of Osikove. Between the villages of Volodarske and Osykove, enemy snipers and machine gunners began attacking individual vehicles. In the village of Osykove itself, one infantry fighting vehicle and one truck were destroyed. Later, a mass grave with the deceased would be found here. Soldiers who came under fire along this route jumped from their vehicles and tried to hide in the bushes. However, they were targeted by sniper fire. A number of them were taken prisoner.

A tragic story unfolded with the soldiers of the 93rd Brigade who were traveling in a truck. This vehicle, which was part of the "Southern" column, had managed to avoid damage near the hamlet of Chervonosilske. However, just a few kilometers from Novokaterynivka, it was hit. Near the dam, beyond the village, the truck overturned. Several soldiers were killed instantly. But some survived. One of the soldiers began waving a white cloth and shouting to cease fire. In response, a Russian soldier in uniform ordered them to stand up and come out. As soon as they stood up, they were fired upon with automatic weapons. Most of those who had miraculously survived up to that point were killed.

Northern column

The "Northern" column was moving between the hamlets of Chumaky and Horbatenko. However, this route was covered by intense fire from machine guns and automatic rifles. Some soldiers continued their journey by crawling through forest belts… Columns of dust, fire, and black smoke. Torrential gunfire and the roar of shots and explosions. Someone’s cries… All of this blended into one massive, overwhelming din.

When Russian paratroopers in the hamlet of Horbatyenko opened intense fire with machine guns, grenade launchers, and automatic rifles, several vehicles managed to "squeak through," but were destroyed just beyond the hamlet. All buses, cars, and trucks carrying the fighters from "Myrotvorets," "Kherson," and "Ivano-Frankivsk" in the area around Horbatenko were also destroyed.

In some areas of the hamlet, scattered soldiers formed small groups and attempted to provide resistance, but soon scattered across the fields. Some fighters managed to break through the hamlet with fighting, but many were also wounded, captured, or killed.

Beyond the hamlet of Horbatenko, the "Northern" column was effectively scattered and ceased to exist as a cohesive unit. Some remnants of the column, having broken through Horbatenko, continued toward the village of Novokaterynivka. The last vehicle to leave Horbatyenko was a bus carrying seventeen soldiers from the "Svitiaz" platoon. This bus was also hit on its way out. The soldiers who managed to escape the bus boarded a cargo truck, an "Ural," that had stopped to pick up volunteers. However, this truck did not succeed in breaking out of the encirclement and was soon destroyed by a Russian tank. A few BMPs and two tanks managed to break through and attack towards the Russian positions, turning their turrets to engage the enemy.

Survivors

All survived soldiers and officers from the "green corridor" continued to escape the encirclement in small groups, depending on their individual circumstances.

Some fighters and equipment managed to reach the route between Starobesheve and Kuteinikove, north of the village of Novokaterynivka. At the same time, the remnants of the "Southern" column were also converging on this area.

The first minutes after leaving Ilovaisk. Dokuchaevsk.
9.40am, August 29, 2014.
Photo: Markiian Lyseiko

Our car after leaving the green corridor. Driving Max Levin, photographer at LB.ua. Photo: Markiian Lyseiko

At the site of the execution of the Ukrainian military in the “green corridor”, near Novokaterinovka.
September 2014.
Photo: Anatoly Boyko

At the site of the execution of the Ukrainian military in the “green corridor”, near Novokaterinovka.
September 2014.
Photo: Anatoly Boyko

368

died during the Ilovaisk operation

250

died when leaving the green corridor

400

were wounded

300

were captured

Consequences

According to data from the National Military Historical Museum and the Office of the Prosecutor General, during the Ilovaisk operation from August 6 to August 31, 368 Ukrainian soldiers were killed, with over 250 of these casualties occurring during the exit from the corridor on August 29, 2014. Over 400 fighters were wounded, and about 300 were taken prisoner. Approximately twenty individuals were considered missing in action for years. Ukrainian defenders were executed along with captured Russian servicemen, who were also part of the column and were supposed to guarantee the adherence to the “corridor” conditions by the Russians.

These figures reflect just one military operation over ten years of war. Unfortunately, the survivors of Ilovaisk and the so-called "green corridor" cannot easily be termed "fortunate." The experience they endured changed their lives forever. One of the most common consequences among survivors was post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Memories of combat, the loss of comrades, and the deception surrounding the “green corridor” haunted them in nightmares, manifesting as anxiety and depression. Many soldiers also left Ilovaisk with numerous physical injuries, including the loss of limbs, impaired organ function, and other severe damage. Some endured Russian captivity, experiencing physical and psychological abuse, torture, and moral pressure.

The families of the fallen endured their own profound experiences of loss. Many of the defenders could not be identified for an extended period, and some were unable to come to terms with the death of their loved ones.

The Ilovaisk operation truly became a turning point in the war in Eastern Ukraine. The military, psychological, political, and social repercussions of this tragedy have left a deep mark on the memory of the Ukrainian people. Unfortunately, many of the soldiers who survived then later perished, either in subsequent conflicts or during the full-scale war. Since 2022, Ukrainians and the global community have witnessed that the Russians continue their aggression, repeating historical patterns. However, Ukraine has always fought historically. The only option is to continue defending our rights and sovereignty. Our struggle is about the right to live in a free country. Today, it is also a continuation of the legacy of those who have fallen.

People live on earth as long as someone remembers them. History lives as long as someone preserves it.

Abashin Herman Eduardovych

Aksenenko Oleg Oleksandrovich

Aleksanych Oleh Ivanovych

Andriyuk Yevhen Oleksandrovych

Antonov Vadim Vitalyovich

Aryanov Serhiy Serhiyovych

Atamanchuk Roman Vitaliyovych

Badichenko Stanislav Serhiyovych

Bakka Oleksiy Viktorovych

Balaglanov Pavlo Yuriyovych

Balanchuk Oleksiy Oleksandrovich

Banas Yurii Oleksandrovych

Baranov Roman Oleksandrovych

Batrachenko Ruslan Volodymyrovych

Bezruchak Andrii Ivanovich

Bezschotny Yuriy Volodymyrovych

Berezhny Yurii Oleksandrovych

Bereza Roman Vitaliyovych

Berezovy Mykola Viktorovych

Betsa Igor Mykolayovych

Bilets Pyotr Vasyliovych

Bilyi Vasyl Ivanovych

Bilinskyi Zoryan Mykhailovych

Biryukov Roman Rostislavovych

Boyko Yuriy Mykolayovych

Bondarchuk Oleh Viktorovych

Boryshchak Oleksiy Andriyovych

Bryzgailo Serhiy Volodymyrovych

Brik Dmytro Yuriyovych

Brus Taras Romanovych

Bugaichuk Serhiy Anatoliyovych

Vasylyuk Oleksandr Anatoliyovych

Vasin Mykhailo Valentynovich

Vashchyshyn Oleh Anatoliyovych

Vovchenko Oleh Pavlovich

Voychuk Oleksandr Anatoliyovych

Volkov Mykola Vasyliovych

Volkotrub Vitaly Yuriyovych

Voronov Sergey Yevhenovich

Gabchak Ivan Mykolayovych

Gajur Oleksandr Anatoliyovych

Ganya Ivan Ivanovych

Garasymchuk Igor Stepanovich

Hladkov Andriy Valeriyovych

Golitsyn Dmytro Sergeyovich

Golovchak Serhiy Volodymyrovych

Goncharenko Vasyl Volodymyrovych

Goray Oleksii Zygmundovych

Horobynskyi Oleksandr Serhiyovych

Horyachevsky Oleksandr Oleksandrovych

Horyachevsky Oleksandr Oleksandrovych

Hrebinsky Oleg Vilyamovich

Gromovy Denys Volodymyrovych

Hrebinsky Oleg Vilyamovich

Guba Yakiv Mykolayovych

Humeniuk Mykola Oleksandrovych

Danylevich Roman Mykolayovych

Daniv Mykhailo Bogdanovych

Dem'yanik Serhii Valeryovich

Denshchikov Andriy Anatoliyovych

Derebchenko Andriy Vasyliovych

Derkach Oleksandr Petrovych

Zhadan Ivan Mykolayovych

Dzhevaga Serhiy Oleksandrovych

Dzingel Denys Andreyovych

Diller Roman Oleksandrovych

Dmytrenko Victor Ivanovich

Dolgov Ihor Oleksandrovych

Dreval Oleksii Viktorovych

Dremlyukh Vyacheslav Anatoliyovych

Dremliukh Vyacheslav Anatoliyovych

Dyatlov Serhii Volodymyrovych

Dubovik Ruslan Viktorovych

Dudka Yury Andriyovych

Dyachkov Yury Anatoliyovych

Dyatlov Serhii Volodymyrovych

Emelianenko Igor Volodymyrovych

Yesypok Andrii Anatoliiovych

Yeschenko Viktor Vasyliovych

Yeschenko Viktor Vasyliovych

Zhabinets Oleksandr Mykhailovych

Zayvoronok Bohdan Serhiyovych

Zhekov Maxim Petrovych

Zhuravlenko Andrii Anatoliyovych

Zagranichnyy Valentin Anatoliyovych

Zasekin Vadym Oleksandrovych

Zatylyuk Oleksii Oleksandrovych

Zelinskyi Vasyl Arkadiyovych

Zelinskyi Gavriil Viktorovych

Zranko Dmytro Oleksiyovych

Ivkun Vasyl Dmytrovych

Ilyashenko Viktor Volodymyrovych

Ilgildinov Dmytro Faridovych

Ilyashenko Roman Igorovich

Ionov Vyacheslav Anatoliyovych

Ishchuk Volodymyr Stepanovych

Kabaliuk Dmytro Vasyliovych

Kalakun Vitaly Anatoliyovych

Kaliberda Artem Mykolayovych

Kalinin Sergey Volodymyrovych

Kamahantsev Anatoliy Valeriyovych

Karabinovych Andriy Mykhailovych

Karban Dmytro Serhiyovych

Karasyk Oleksandr Ivanovych

Karnaukh Viktor Viktorovich

Karpenko Oleksandr Grigoryovych

Katanov Victor Volodymyrovych

Katrych Vyacheslav Stepanovych

Kiriyenko Yuriy Volodymyrovych

Kyrylov Anton Serhiovych

Kyforenko Boris Borisovych

Kiktenko Gordiy Oleksiyovych

Kipishinov Gennadiy Yuriyovych

Klevchuk Ivan Vyacheslavovych

Klymenko Yevhen Oleksandrovych

Kovalev Vladyslav Viktorovych

Koveshnikov Sergei Ivanovich

Koveshnikov Sergey Ivanovich

Komarov Igor Oleksiyovych

Comisar Volodymyr Yuriyovych

Konopatsky Serhiy Vasyliovych

Korol Vitaly Viktorovich

Koroliuk Andriy Petrovych

Kosovchych Yury Ivanovich

Kostyuk Vitaliy Valeriyovych

Kostyuk Volodymyr Mykolayovych

Kotovy Serhiy Feliksovych

Kotsyuk Ruslan Volodymyrovych

Kravtsov Roman Anatolyovich

Krepets Leonid Petrovych

Kryvenko Maksym Ihorovych

Kudenchuk Ivan Mykolayovych

Kuzyakov Artem Volodymyrovych

Kuzma Mykola Volodymyrovych

Kuzmin Dmytro Viktorovich

Kulichenko Volodymyr Mykolayovych

Kurnosenko Mykola Yuriyovych

Kurochka Anatoly Mykhailovych

Kuruka Serhii Ivanovych

Kutsenov Oleksandr Serhiyovych

Kushil Oleksandr Dmytrovych

Kushnir Igor Mykolayovych

Lavoshnyk Yuri Mykolayovych

Lavrenchuk Yuri Vasyliovych

Lepetyukha Vasyl Vasyliovych

Lytvynskyi Yurii Oleksiiovych

Лихогруд Андрій Григорович

Lykhohrud Andrii Hryhorovych

Lishchynskyi Stanislav Serhiiovych

Lobov Dmytro Oleksiiovych

Lobzhyn Oleksandr Volodymyrovych

Lohvynenko Vasyl Vasylovych

Lozheshnikov Volodymyr Ivanovych

Lototskyi Oleh Mykhailovych

Luchuk Roman Oleksandrovych

Liashuk Maksym Volodymyrovych

Mazur Pavlo Valeriiovych

Makarenko Viacheslav Volodymyrovych

Malamuzh Oleksandr Viacheslavovych

Malysh Vitalii Vasylovych

Martianov Dmytro Andriiovych

Marfich Mykhailo Vasylovych

Marchenko Denys Mykolaiovych

Matushchak Yurii Vitaliiovych

Mylashchenko Vasyl Oleksiiovych

Myroshnychenko Oleksandr Ivanovych

Mykhalchuk Viktor Oleksiiovych

Mishchyshyn Vitalii Anatoliiovych

Momotiuk Dmytro Volodymyrovych

Mordiuk Mykola Oleksandrovych

Moskalenko Volodymyr Vasylovych

Mostyka Andrii Viacheslavovych

Mostyka Andrii Viacheslavovych

Motychak Roman Mykolaiovych

Nabiehov Roman Valeriiovych

Nazarenko Dmytro Anatoliiovych

Nazarenko Dmytro Mykolaiovych

Nechepurenko Kostiantyn Volodymyrovych

Neshcheret Serhii Anatoliiovych

Nikolenko Anatolii Volodymyrovych

Nistratenko Serhii Oleksandrovych

Obydiennikov Yaroslav Mykolaiovych

Olkhovskyi Andrii Oleksiiovych

Omelianiuk Andrii Vasylovych

Onishchuk Yurii Vitaliiovych

Onchurov Serhii Oleksandrovych

Ostroushko Denys Valeriiovych

Pavliashyk Mykola Anatoliiovych

Pazyn Taras Ivanovych

Palyha Volodymyr Mykhailovych

Panchenko Dmytro Mykolaiovych

Paslavskyi Mark

Pasichnyk Oleksandr Valeriiovych

Pelypenko Dmytro Mykolaiovych

Petykhachnyi Leonid Mykhailovych

Petrenko Pavlo Ivanovych

Petrov Yevhen Anatoliiovych

Petrov Serhii Oleksandrovych

Peshkov Oleh Anatoliiovych

Pysmenyi Illia Leonidovych

Pohorilyi Viktor Serhiiovych

Polskyi Dmytro Oleksandrovych

Pominkevych Serhii Petrovych

Popel Andrii Viacheslavovych

Pospolitak Andrii Vasylovych

Potapchuk Stanislav Volodymyrovych

Poshedin Maksym Vitaliiovych

Potapchuk Stanislav Volodymyrovych

Prykhodko Volodymyr Volodymyrovych

Prokopiev Yevhen Viktorovych

Prokuratov Maksym Borysovych

Prokhorov Mykola Oleksandrovych

Puhach Ihor Volodymyrovych

Puhachov Pavlo Anatoliiovych

Pushkaruk Volodymyr Serhiiovych

Revutskyi Artem Mykhailovych

Rovenskyi Dmytro Oleksandrovych

Romanenko Oleksandr Trokhymovych

Romanov Fedir Anatoliiovych

Romantsov Ihor Serhiiovych

Rusin Andrii Mykolaiovych

Riabov Ruslan Kostiantynovych

Riazhentsev Serhii Hennadiiovych

Savchenko Vasyl Ivanovych

Savchenko Roman Mykhailovych

Savchuk Andrii Viktorovych

Sahaidak Yurii Mykhailovych

Saksin Andrii Mykhailovych

Salivonchyk Ruslan Serhiiovych

Samosadov Oleksandr Serhiiovych

Satsiuk Oleksandr Mykolaiovych

Svitlychnyi Oleksandr Hryhorovych

Sevostianchyk Dmytro Oleksandrovych

Semenishchenkov Oleksandr Anatoliiovych

Serhieiev Oleksii Vitaliiovych

Syvyi Oleksandr Anatoliiovych

Sydorenko Serhii Ivanovych

Sinko Yaroslav Olehovych

Snitko Andrii Volodymyrovych

Slobodianiuk Roman Oleksandrovych

Sokurenko Roman Oleksandrovych

Soloviov Roman Yuriiovych

Solodovnyk Yevhen Olehovych

Sorokovyi Oleksandr Anatoliiovych

Spivachuk Oleksandr Volodymyrovych

Stoliarchuk Myroslav Stanislavovych

Storcheus Ruslan Oleksandrovych

Striukov Vladyslav Hennadiiovych

Sukhenko Maksym Volodymyrovych

Sukhomlyn Dmytro Oleksandrovych

Tafiichuk Serhii Volodymyrovych

Tarasiuk Oleksii Vasylovych

Tymoshchuk Kyrylo Volodymyrovych

Timoshenkov Dmytro Serhiiovych

Tkachuk Serhii Andriiovych

Tkachenko Ihor Yuriiovych

Tolkachov Vitalii Mykhailovych

Tomilovych Denys Hryhorovych

Trofimov Oleksii Volodymyrovych

Trotsenko Ihor Anatoliiovych

Trotsenko Maksym Mykolaiovych

Ulianytskyi Oleh Mykolaiovych

Uss Stepan Mykolaiovych

Ushakov Pavlo Hennadiiovych

Khalus Ruslan Petrovych

Kharchenko Yevhen Borysovych

Kharchenko Roman Olehovych

Khinov Ihor Pavlovych

Khodak Viktor Hryhorovych

Khomchuk Oleh Vasylovych

Khorolskyi Anton Petrovych

Tsedik Anton Ihorovych

Tsybenko Viktor Mykolaiovych

Tsurkan Dmytro Volodymyrovych

Chernov Oleksandr Oleksandrovych

Chyzhov Yurii Mykolaiovych

Cholokian Artur Ashotovych

Chornyi Serhii Mykolaiovych

Shakhnyk Yevhen Yuriiovych

Shvets Mykhailo Oleksandrovych

Shevchenko Volodymyr Oleksiiovych

Shevchuk Serhii Ivanovych

Shylik Anatolii Viktorovych

Shyian Andrii Viktorovych

Shkarivskyi Serhii Oleksandrovych

Shmalii Valerii Oleksandrovych

Sholukha Viktor Hryhorovych

Shumeiko Mykola Mykolaiovych

Yurkovets Ihor Volodymyrovych

Yakovets Roman Mykhailovych

Yakovets Roman Mykhailovych

Yakovets Roman Mykhailovych

Yarovyi Volodymyr Valentynovych

Yarmoliuk Oleksandr Petrovych

Yasnohor Serhii Volodymyrovych

Karpenko Hennadii Hryhorovych

Melnychuk Yevhen Anatoliiovych

Tatomyr Volodymyr Stepanovych

Naumov Vadym Oleksandrovych

Lyfar Anatolii Petrovych

Rozumenko Artem Oleksandrovych

Hrafa Oleksandr Ivanovych

Us Artem Volodymyrovych

Holianovskyi Ruslan Viktorovych

Melnyk Valerii Ihorovych

Patsyno Dmytro Viktorovych

Perepichka Oleh Hryhorovych

Hrytsyk Roman Vasylovych

Mochalov Oleksandr Ihorovych

Palii Oleksandr Volodymyrovych

Kovalenko Oleh Mykolaiovych

Ilin Vitalii Viacheslavovych

Titenko Volodymyr Olehovych

Tarasiuk Bohdan Volodymyrovych

Tarasiuk Oleh Andriiovych

Prydatko Dmytro Mykolaiovych

Koldunov Yehor Oleksandrovych

Pohorielov Mykhailo Anatoliiovych

Buravchykov Oleksii Yuriiovych

Balakshei Mykola Mykolaiovych

Shevchuk Andrii Serhiiovych

Zinchenko Oleksii Volodymyrovych

Krasov Dmytro Volodymyrovych

Kornafel Yevhen Vadymovych

Usenko Volodymyr Vsevolodovych

Vilkovskyi Volodymyr Viktorovych

Vovnenko Bohdan Volodymyrovych

Hlukhodid Oleksandr Viktorovych

Liashko Andrii Andriiovych

Romanov Ivan Valentynovych

Федчишин Анатолій Миколайович

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